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Paratonia: a Delphi procedure for consensus definition.

Johannes S M Hobbelen1, Raymond T C M Koopmans, Frans R J Verhey

  • 1Physiotherapy Research Vitalis Zorggroep Eindhoven, Vlasmeersestraat 5, 5261 TA Vught, the Netherlands. hhobbelen@iae.nl

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy (2001)
|August 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Experts established a consensus definition for paratonia, a dementia-related motor issue. This operational definition clarifies involuntary variable resistance during passive movement, aiding future research and clinical consistency.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Paratonia is a motor symptom associated with dementia.
  • Existing definitions of paratonia lack consistency, leading to research heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an operational consensus definition of paratonia using a Delphi procedure.
  • To address the heterogeneity in paratonia definitions within scientific literature.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi procedure involving an anonymous, multistage questionnaire approach.
  • Expert consensus was sought over four rounds of questioning.

Main Results:

  • Eight of 17 experts participated.
  • Consensus was reached on a definition: paratonia is involuntary variable resistance during passive movement.

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  • Key characteristics include dependence on movement speed, applied force, and progression of dementia, with resistance in all directions and no clasp-knife phenomenon.

    • Conclusions:

    • A comprehensive, operational definition of paratonia was achieved through expert consensus.
    • Further research is recommended to validate and assess the reliability of the new definition.