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Clinical analysis of chronic peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis in children

Ya-Chin Tsai1, Tsuen-Chiuan Tsai, Jeng-Daw Tsaf

  • 1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. tsaitc2003@yahoo.com.tw

Acta Paediatrica Taiwanica = Taiwan Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi
|August 25, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is common for children with end-stage renal disease. This study found PD-related peritonitis occurred every 23.7 months, with Staphylococcus aureus as a frequent cause.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Dialysis Therapy
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the primary renal replacement therapy for pediatric patients (<15 years) with end-stage renal disease.
  • PD-related peritonitis is a significant complication impacting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of PD-related peritonitis in pediatric patients.
  • To assess the effectiveness of common treatment regimens for PD peritonitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 22 pediatric patients undergoing chronic PD.
  • Analysis of peritonitis rates, causative organisms, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The overall peritonitis rate was 1 episode per 23.7 patient-months.
  • No significant difference in peritonitis incidence between automated PD and continuous ambulatory PD (p=0.219).
  • Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (13.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Vancomycin plus ceftazidime is effective for common PD peritonitis pathogens.
  • Consideration of rare organisms like fungi and mycobacteria is crucial for refractory cases.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are vital to prevent mortality and long-term complications.

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