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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Low-Cost, Volume-Controlled Dipstick Urinalysis for Home-Testing
Published on: May 8, 2021
A protocol for the urine dipstick/pad method
Susan Midthun1, Ruth Paur, A Wayne Bruce
1University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, Clinical Laboratory Sciences Program, Grand Forks, USA.
Abstract:
The urinary tract accounts for nearly one third of all infections in the long-term care setting. This article reviews factors that influence nitrite and leukocyte esterase results obtained from traditional urine dipstick analysis for assessment of urinary tract infections in elderly long-term care residents. This article also proposes a protocol for a urine dipstick pressed into an incontinence pad as an alternative to dipstick analysis of a clean-catch or catheterized urine specimen.
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