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Staphylococcus aureus Growth using Human Hemoglobin as an Iron Source
06:37

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Published on: February 7, 2013

Staphylococcus aureus redirects central metabolism to increase iron availability.

David B Friedman1, Devin L Stauff, Gleb Pishchany

  • 1Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Plos Pathogens
|August 29, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Host iron levels impact Staphylococcus aureus. This study reveals how S. aureus adapts to iron availability, identifying new nutrient acquisition strategies and iron-regulated genes crucial for pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions

Background:

  • Host iron availability significantly influences Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis.
  • The regulatory effects of host iron sources on S. aureus gene expression are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically analyze S. aureus protein expression changes in response to varying iron exposure conditions.
  • To identify novel iron and heme-regulated pathways and transport systems in S. aureus.

Main Methods:

  • Multivariable difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were employed.
  • Proteomic analysis was performed on quadruplicate samples under environmental (iron chelation, hemin) and genetic (Deltafur) iron alterations.
  • Multivariate statistical analyses were used to cluster protein responses.

Main Results:

  • 120 proteins involved in coordinated biochemical pathways were identified as affected by iron status.
  • A novel heme-regulated transport system (HrtAB) crucial for staphylococcal heme metabolism was identified.
  • Iron starvation induces acidic end-product overproduction, lowering local pH and releasing iron from transferrin.

Conclusions:

  • S. aureus employs novel strategies to acquire nutrients in host environments, adapting to iron scarcity.
  • This study defines iron and heme-dependent regulons, providing insights into S. aureus pathogenesis.
  • The identification of HrtAB offers a new target for understanding staphylococcal iron metabolism.