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Human plague--four states, 2006

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |September 1, 2006
    PubMed

    Insights

    In 2006, the US reported 13 human plague cases, the highest since 1994. This zoonotic disease caused by Yersinia pestis resulted in fatalities and diverse clinical presentations.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Zoonotic Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Plague is a serious zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
    • Human plague cases are rare in the United States.

    Observation:

    • In 2006, thirteen human plague cases were reported across four US states: New Mexico, Colorado, California, and Texas.
    • This represented the largest annual total of reported cases since 1994.
    • Case onset occurred between February and August, with a case fatality rate of 15%.

    Findings:

    • The median patient age was 43 years, with 62% of cases occurring in females.
    • Clinical presentations included primary septicemic plague (38%) and bubonic plague (62%).
    • Two cases developed secondary plague pneumonia, necessitating antibiotic prophylaxis for healthcare providers.

    Implications:

    • The diverse clinical presentations underscore the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment of plague.
    • Increased vigilance and public health awareness are crucial for managing zoonotic disease outbreaks.
    • Understanding plague's epidemiology is vital for effective prevention and control strategies.

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