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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
Published on: August 30, 2018
Treatment algorithms from the pharmacist perspective
Eric Wittbrodt1, Peter Koval, Hengameh H Raissy
1Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Administration, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Abstract:
Hospitals across the United States develop treatment algorithms for acute bronchospasm, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by following several different pathways. Some institutions use established national guidelines and protocols, some revise national guidelines to apply to their particular environment, and others create specific institution-related treatment algorithms with input from various departments, such as emergency medicine, respiratory therapy, and pharmacy. Although some institutions track outcomes on either a formal or an informal basis, others have not yet implemented outcomes-based programs.
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