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Age differences in implicit interference.

Simay Ikier1, Lynn Hasher

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ikier@yeditepe.edu.tr

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|September 9, 2006
PubMed
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Older adults show greater susceptibility to interference effects in implicit memory tasks, impacting priming. Younger adults were unaffected by interference, suggesting age-related differences in cognitive processing.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Development

Background:

  • Priming is an implicit memory phenomenon where prior exposure to a stimulus influences response to a later stimulus.
  • Age-related cognitive decline is often associated with increased susceptibility to interference.
  • Fragment completion tasks are used to measure implicit memory and priming effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age differences in interference effects during priming tasks.
  • To determine if interference differentially affects implicit memory performance in younger versus older adults.
  • To explore the role of interference in age-related variations in priming.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a fragment completion task to assess priming.
  • Experiment 1: Assessed priming with non-interfering filler words.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiment 2: Introduced interfering competitor words before target items.

    • Main Results:

    • Priming was age-invariant when stimuli were non-interfering.
    • Older adults, but not younger adults, were disrupted by interfering competitors.
    • Interference significantly impacted older adults' performance in the priming task.

    Conclusions:

    • Younger and older adults exhibit differential susceptibility to interference in implicit memory.
    • Interference effects may contribute to observed age differences in priming magnitude.
    • Cognitive control mechanisms may underlie age-related differences in managing interference.