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Color constancy in natural scenes explained by global image statistics.

David H Foster1, Kinjiro Amano, Sérgio M C Nascimento

  • 1Sensing, Imaging, and Signal Processing Group, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. d.h.foster@manchester.ac.uk

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Color science
  • Computational imaging

Background:

  • Surface color perception is influenced by illumination conditions.
  • Understanding color constancy is crucial for accurate visual processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of global image statistics in observers' surface color judgments.
  • To determine how natural scene properties affect color constancy.

Main Methods:

  • A psychophysical experiment presenting natural scenes under varying daylight conditions.
  • Observers judged reflectance changes of test surfaces.
  • Analysis of image statistics including receptor-based properties and spatial frequency.

Main Results:

  • Color constancy index varied significantly across scenes and illuminant changes.
  • Receptor-based image properties, particularly cone-excitation ratios, best explained color constancy.
  • Global color properties accounted for 70% of the variance in color constancy.

Conclusions:

  • Surface color judgments in natural scenes heavily rely on global image statistics.
  • Receptor-based image properties are key predictors of color constancy.
  • Spatial frequency analysis provided minimal explanation for observed color constancy effects.