Imaging features of benign adrenal cysts

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Radiology
• Pathology

Background:

• Benign adrenal gland cysts (BACs) are uncommon adrenal neoplasms.
• BACs exhibit diverse histological features.
• They can be mistaken for other benign or malignant adrenal lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize the key imaging characteristics of various types of benign adrenal gland cysts.
• To provide guidance on differentiating between different BAC entities based on imaging findings.
• To inform appropriate management strategies for BACs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of imaging features of histopathologically confirmed BACs.
• Analysis of radiological findings including size, morphology, attenuation, and enhancement patterns.
• Correlation of imaging findings with specific cyst types.

Main Results:

• Specific imaging features can help distinguish between different types of BACs (e.g., simple cysts, pseudocysts, cystic adenomas, cystic pheochromocytomas).
• Certain features like internal septations, calcifications, or heterogeneous enhancement may suggest specific diagnoses or raise suspicion for malignancy.
• Understanding these nuances aids in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Conclusions:

• Imaging plays a crucial role in the characterization and differentiation of benign adrenal gland cysts.
• Recognizing specific imaging patterns facilitates appropriate management, potentially avoiding unnecessary interventions.
• Further research can refine imaging criteria for improved diagnostic accuracy.