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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
Published on: November 23, 2016
Biochemical properties and pathophysiological roles of cytosolic phospholipase A2s
Yoshihiro Kita1, Takayo Ohto, Naonori Uozumi
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Abstract:
Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) (EC 3.1.1.4) catalyzes hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids. The enzyme is essential for the production of two classes of lipid mediators, fatty acid metabolites and lysophospholipid-related lipids, as well as being involved in the remodeling of membrane phospholipids. Among many mammalian PLA(2)s, cytosolic PLA(2)alpha (cPLA(2)alpha) plays a critical role in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions through generating lipid mediators. Here, we summarize the in vivo significance of cPLA(2)alpha, revealed from the phenotypes of cPLA(2)alpha-null mice, and properties of newly discovered cPLA(2) family enzymes. We also briefly introduce a quantitative lipidomics strategy using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, a powerful tool for the comprehensive analysis of lipid mediators.
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