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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene Therapy00:59

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Multimodal Imaging of Stem Cell Implantation in the Central Nervous System of Mice
10:25

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Published on: June 13, 2012

Gene expression and gene therapy imaging.

Claire Rome1, Franck Couillaud, Chrit T W Moonen

  • 1Laboratory for Molecular and Functional Imaging: from Physiology to Therapy ERT CNRS, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France.

European Radiology
|September 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular imaging advances enable gene expression tracking for gene therapy. Reporter genes and advanced techniques like MRI-guided focused ultrasound offer new possibilities for monitoring therapeutic gene expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Imaging
  • Gene Therapy
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Molecular imaging (MI) is crucial for evaluating gene expression in gene therapy.
  • Gene expression imaging utilizes specific probes or contrast agents for spatio-temporal evaluation.
  • Reporter genes are essential for reporting therapeutic gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in molecular imaging for gene expression analysis in gene therapy.
  • To highlight the role of reporter genes and novel MI techniques.
  • To discuss the potential of MI in tracking gene therapy vectors and controlling gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Direct evaluation using contrast agents binding to specific targets.
  • Indirect evaluation using substrate probes for target enzymes.
  • Utilizing reporter genes coupled to therapeutic genes.
  • Employing nuclear medicine, optical, MRI, and ultrasound imaging modalities.
  • Exploring advanced techniques like MRI-guided focused ultrasound and temperature-sensitive promoters.

Main Results:

  • Molecular imaging allows for direct or indirect spatio-temporal evaluation of gene expression.
  • Reporter genes provide a readout for therapeutic gene expression when coupled.
  • Nuclear medicine and optical methods offer high sensitivity (picomolar range).
  • MRI and ultrasound require amplification or contrast agent accumulation.
  • New MI techniques facilitate tracking gene therapy vectors and spatiotemporal control of gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular imaging plays a vital role in advancing gene therapy.
  • Reporter gene strategies combined with sensitive imaging techniques are effective.
  • Emerging MI technologies offer enhanced control and monitoring capabilities for gene therapy applications.