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Related Concept Videos

Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles, which...
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy01:20

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...

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Detecting Somatic Genetic Alterations in Tumor Specimens by Exon Capture and Massively Parallel Sequencing
11:02

Detecting Somatic Genetic Alterations in Tumor Specimens by Exon Capture and Massively Parallel Sequencing

Published on: October 18, 2013

Modern computational approaches for analysing molecular genetic variation data.

Paul Marjoram1, Simon Tavaré

  • 1University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Preventive Medicine, 1540 Alcazar Street, CHP-220, Los Angeles, California 90089-99011, USA.

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|September 20, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Molecular variation data is rapidly growing in complexity. Model-based methods, including the coalescent, are essential for analyzing this data and understanding its origins.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Molecular variation data is experiencing exponential growth in volume, quality, and complexity.
  • Traditional analysis methods are increasingly challenged by the scale and intricacy of modern datasets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss model-based approaches for analyzing molecular variation data.
  • To highlight the importance of computational methods for handling complex biological datasets.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of established model-based statistical and computational techniques.
  • Discussion of the coalescent model as a key approach in population genetics.
  • Exploration of computational strategies for large-scale data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Model-based methods provide crucial insights into data formation and allow for quantitative predictions.
  • The coalescent model offers a framework for understanding evolutionary processes.
  • Computational approaches are vital for the effective analysis of complex molecular variation data.

Conclusions:

  • Model-based analyses are indispensable for interpreting the increasing complexity of molecular variation data.
  • The development and application of advanced computational methods are critical for future research in this field.