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Related Concept Videos

Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...

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In Vivo Visualization of Calcium Transients during Fertilization and Early Development in C. elegans
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Ca2+ oscillatory pattern in fertilized mouse eggs affects gene expression and development to term.

Jean-Pierre Ozil1, Bernadette Banrezes, Szabolcs Tóth

  • 1Unité de Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, INRA, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas cedex, France. jean-pierre.ozil@jouy.inra.fr

Developmental Biology
|September 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Calcium (Ca2+) signaling after fertilization is crucial for egg activation and long-term development. Manipulating Ca2+ oscillations affects gene expression and offspring development, highlighting the importance of precise signaling patterns for successful reproduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sperm-induced calcium (Ca2+) oscillations regulate egg activation events in a temporal sequence.
  • The impact of these Ca2+ signaling patterns on long-term development, including development to term, remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term consequences of altered Ca2+ signaling patterns on embryonic development and gene expression.
  • To determine if manipulating Ca2+ oscillations affects implantation, post-implantation development, and offspring viability.

Main Methods:

  • Developed experimental procedures to inhibit or stimulate the natural Ca2+ oscillation pattern in fertilized eggs.
  • Utilized embryo transfer to assess developmental competence, implantation rates, and offspring development.
  • Performed microarray analysis to examine global gene expression patterns in response to altered Ca2+ signaling.

Main Results:

  • Altered Ca2+ oscillations did not affect blastocyst development but reduced offspring birth rates, indicating compromised developmental competence.
  • Premature interruption of Ca2+ signaling impaired implantation, while hyper-stimulation compromised post-implantation development.
  • Gene expression analysis revealed significant mis-regulation of transcripts involved in RNA processing, transcription, and cell adhesion following reduced oscillations, and metabolism following hyper-stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Precise regulation of Ca2+ signaling during early embryonic development is critical for successful implantation and development to term.
  • Both insufficient and excessive Ca2+ signaling can lead to long-term adverse effects on gene expression and developmental outcomes.
  • These findings underscore the sensitivity of early developmental processes to the precise dynamics of intracellular calcium signaling.