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Hostility and urine norepinephrine interact to predict insulin resistance: the VA Normative Aging Study
Jianping Zhang1, Raymond Niaura, Joshua R Dyer
1Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. jpzhang2005@gmail.com
Psychosomatic Medicine
|October 3, 2006
Summary
High hostility combined with elevated norepinephrine levels significantly increases the risk of insulin resistance in men. This interaction highlights the importance of stress and personality in metabolic health.
Area of Science:
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Metabolic Health Research
- Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Background:
- Inconsistent findings exist regarding the link between hostility and insulin resistance.
- Potential moderators, such as norepinephrine, have not been adequately studied.
- Standardized measures for hostility and insulin resistance are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between hostility and norepinephrine levels in predicting insulin resistance.
- To examine if hostility moderates the relationship between norepinephrine and insulin resistance.
- To utilize objective measures for hostility and insulin resistance.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 643 men (mean age 63.1) without diabetes medication were assessed.
- The Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) scale and 24-hour urine norepinephrine (NEPI) were measured.
- Insulin resistance was assessed using HOMA index, 2-hour postchallenge glucose (PCGL), and insulin levels (PCIL).
Main Results:
- A significant interaction between Ho and NEPI predicted HOMA and PCIL, but not PCGL.
- Higher hostility was associated with higher HOMA and PCIL only at elevated NEPI levels.
- Cynicism, a subscale of hostility, showed a similar relationship with insulin resistance and NEPI.
Conclusions:
- High hostility and high norepinephrine levels are associated with increased insulin resistance.
- Norepinephrine acts as a moderator in the relationship between hostility and insulin resistance.
- Further research into moderators is crucial for understanding hostility's impact on metabolic health.
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