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Updated: Jul 19, 2026
In utero Measurement of Heart Rate in Mouse by Noninvasive M-mode Echocardiography
Published on: November 22, 2013
[Noninvasive and invasive diagnosis of congenital heart disease]
1Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, DF México. juanecalderon@yahoo.com.mx
Insights
Echocardiography is crucial for diagnosing congenital heart defects, but discrepancies with surgical findings occurred in 20% of pediatric patients. Adjustments to surgical plans based on echocardiography reduced mortality, highlighting its importance.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosis
- Echocardiography in Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Echocardiography is a primary diagnostic tool for congenital heart defects (CHDs).
- Evaluating the accuracy of echocardiography against surgical findings is essential for improving pediatric cardiac care.
- Understanding discrepancies can refine diagnostic and surgical planning processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively evaluate echocardiogram use for surgical indication in pediatric patients with CHDs.
- To assess the need for supplementary diagnostic methods.
- To identify discrepancies between echocardiographic diagnoses and surgical findings.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of patients under 18 years undergoing surgical correction for CHDs (Jan 2003 - June 2003).
- Patients were grouped by RACHS-1 surgical risk.
- Data analyzed included echocardiographic diagnosis, surgical plan, operative findings, and surgery type.
Main Results:
- 9 deaths (6%) occurred, primarily in higher-risk groups and infants <1 year.
- 62% of patients underwent surgery without catheterization.
- 20% of patients showed discrepancies between echocardiography and surgical findings, often due to missed anomalies or inadequate hemodynamic assessment. Surgery modification was needed in 14% of cases, with no resulting deaths.
Conclusions:
- Echocardiography is fundamental for diagnosing CHDs in pediatric patients.
- While accurate, echocardiography may require supplementation, and discrepancies with surgical findings necessitate careful review.
- Modifying surgical plans based on echocardiographic data can improve outcomes, especially in complex CHDs like aortopulmonary window and venous anomalies.
Abstract:
One carries out retrospective study to evaluate the paper that had in our Institution, the echocardiogram for the surgical indication, the necessity to supplement with other diagnostic methods and if there was discrepancy between the diagnostic echocardiography and the surgical finding. A the files were revised of patient smaller than 18 years that were subjected to surgical correction of their congenital heart defect among January 19 at June 30 2003. The patients grouped according to the RACHS-1 in 6 groups of surgical risk and the conclusions were obtained you diagnose echocardiography, the established surgical plan as well as the operative discoveries and the finally carried out surgery type. In the studied period they were carried out to heart surgeries of risk 1, 16 patients (11%); risk 2, 59 patients (43%); risk 3, 52 patients (38%) and 9 patients (6%) the risk 4. There were 9 deaths (6%), 6 were of the group of risk 3; three of the group 2, being 7 patients (77%) smaller than 1 year. They were taken to surgery without catheterize study 62% of the patients. The patients that were subjected to previous catheterize to the surgery, the indication was the complexity of the cardiopathy in 70.8%, for some procedure interventionist in 20% and it stops evaluation of the lung hypertension in 8%. In 28 patients (20%) there was not agreement between the surgical discoveries and the one I diagnose echocardiography basically to not find associate anomalies significant or for an inadequate valuation of the hemodynamic repercussion. The surgery drifted based on the study echocardiography had to modify in 14% of the total of the group, none of the patients died. The cardiopathy where there was repercussion in the outlined surgical handling they were: aortopulmonar window, stenosis of lung veins, anomalous connection of lung veins, anomalies of coronary arteries. The echocardiogram is the angular stone where it rests the diagnosis of the congenital heart defect, the obtained information and its accuracy will be bigger as soon as adult is the clinical support.
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