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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Mesomorphism in columnar phases studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance.

Sergey V Dvinskikh1, Johan Thaning, Baltzar Stevensson

  • 1Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|October 10, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates the molecular order and dynamics of hexahexyl-thiotriphenylene (HHTT) using NMR. The columnar liquid crystal phase shows fast core rotation, while the helical phase maintains a rigid core with mobile aliphatic chains.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Triphenylene derivatives are known for their liquid crystalline properties.
  • Understanding molecular order and dynamics is crucial for designing new materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the molecular order and dynamics of 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexahexyl-thiotriphenylene (HHTT).
  • To investigate molecular differences between the helical (H) and columnar liquid crystal (D(hd)) mesophases of HHTT.

Main Methods:

  • 13C and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Measurements conducted under static and magic-angle spinning conditions.

Main Results:

  • The D(hd) phase is a conventional columnar liquid crystal with rapid molecular core rotation.
  • The helical phase (H) exhibits a rigid core, similar to the solid phase, but with increased aliphatic chain mobility.
  • Lower orientational order and a steeper temperature dependence of the order parameter were observed in the D(hd) phase compared to other triphenylene compounds.
  • Thermal history effects were noted, influencing cooling and heating behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct molecular dynamics differentiate the helical and columnar liquid crystal phases of HHTT.
  • HHTT displays unique liquid crystalline behavior influenced by molecular structure and thermal history.