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Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model
Published on: July 2, 2016
Stem cell apoptosis in HIV-1 alopecia
Carlos Baptista Barcaui1, Ana Maria Gonçalves da Silva, Mírian N Sotto
1University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil. cbarcaui@cliderma.com.br
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
|October 10, 2006
Summary
Diffuse alopecia in HIV-1 infection involves hair cycle disturbance. Follicular stem cells undergo apoptosis more frequently in infected individuals, with HIV-1 viral protein R as a potential inducer.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Virology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Diffuse alopecia affects nearly 7% of HIV-1 patients, primarily due to telogen effluvium.
- Apoptotic keratinocytes at the outer root sheath bulge are a key histopathologic finding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate apoptosis of follicular stem cells at the bulge in HIV-1-associated diffuse alopecia.
- To compare stem cell apoptosis rates between HIV-1 infected patients and controls.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study utilizing double-staining on scalp sections.
- Monoclonal antibody anticytokeratin 19 identified stem cells; TUNEL technique detected apoptosis.
Main Results:
- 80% of HIV-1 patients and 25% of controls showed double-stained follicles.
- Positive follicles were significantly higher in cases (48%) versus controls (26%).
Conclusions:
- HIV-1-related alopecia involves hair cycle disruption with increased follicular stem cell apoptosis.
- HIV-1 viral protein R is a potential inducer of follicular stem cell apoptosis.
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