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Selenium concentrations in the human thyroid gland.

J Aaseth1, H Frey, E Glattre

  • 1Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital, Tromsø, Norway.

Biological Trace Element Research
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
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Low serum selenium levels may precede thyroid cancer development. This study found high selenium concentrations in normal thyroids, suggesting organ-specific functions and prediagnostic redistribution influencing cancer risk.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Prediagnostic serum selenium concentration is lower in individuals who develop thyroid cancer.
  • A hypothesis suggests selenium redistribution into affected tissues occurs during the prediagnostic period.
  • Limited data exists on physiological selenium concentrations within the thyroid gland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the physiological concentration of selenium in human thyroid tissue.
  • To investigate potential factors influencing selenium levels in the thyroid.
  • To support the hypothesis of prediagnostic selenium redistribution in thyroid carcinogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Selenium concentrations were measured in thyroid and liver tissues from deceased Norwegian individuals.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry was employed for precise selenium quantification.
  • Tissue samples were obtained from subjects who died from acute illness or accidents.

    • Main Results:

    • The mean selenium concentration in thyroid tissue was 0.72 +/- 0.44 microgram/g.
    • The mean selenium concentration in liver tissue was 0.45 +/- 0.11 microgram/g.
    • A wide range of selenium concentrations was observed in thyroids, with no significant correlation to liver selenium levels.

    Conclusions:

    • The high and variable selenium concentration in thyroids suggests significant, yet uncharacterized, functions in this organ.
    • Factors beyond overall selenium status appear to regulate thyroid selenium levels.
    • These findings support the hypothesis that prediagnostic processes alter the serum-to-thyroid selenium ratio, potentially influencing thyroid cancer development.