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A glucose sensor in Candida albicans.

Victoria Brown1, Jessica A Sexton, Mark Johnston

  • 1Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd., Rm. 5401, Campus Box 8510, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA. vbrownk@genetics.wustl.edu

Eukaryotic Cell
|October 13, 2006
PubMed
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Candida albicans Hgt4 protein acts as a high-affinity glucose sensor, regulating sugar transporter genes and impacting fungal growth and virulence. This glucose sensing influences the yeast-to-hyphal transition, crucial for candidiasis.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • The Hgt4 protein in Candida albicans is orthologous to glucose sensors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • These sensors regulate the uptake of sugars by controlling hexose transporter gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Candida albicans Hgt4 protein in glucose sensing.
  • To determine Hgt4's influence on hexose transporter expression, fungal growth, and virulence.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis of hexose transporters (HGT12, HXT10, HGT7) in wild-type and hgt4Delta mutant strains.
  • Phenotypic analysis of fungal growth on fermentable sugars.
  • Assessment of the yeast-to-hyphal morphological switch.
  • Virulence testing in a mouse model of disseminated candidiasis.

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Main Results:

  • HGT4 is essential for glucose induction of HGT12, HXT10, and HGT7 expression.
  • An hgt4Delta mutant exhibits impaired growth on fermentable sugars.
  • Hgt4 functions as a high-affinity glucose sensor, sensitive to physiological glucose levels (~5 mM).
  • Hgt4 regulates the yeast-to-hyphal morphological switch; hgt4Delta mutants are hypofilamented.
  • The hgt4Delta mutant displays reduced virulence in a murine candidiasis model.

Conclusions:

  • Hgt4 is a high-affinity glucose sensor in Candida albicans.
  • Hgt4 plays a critical role in regulating sugar uptake and fungal morphology.
  • Hgt4 contributes significantly to the virulence of Candida albicans during infection.