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High expression of APOBEC3G in patients infected with hepatitis C virus

Yoshihiro Komohara1, Hirohisa Yano, Shigeki Shichijo

  • 1Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0011, Japan.

Journal of Molecular Histology
|October 13, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G) expression increases in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. HCV NS5A gene and interferon also enhance APOBEC3G expression, offering new insights into HCV pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G) is a host-defense protein with cytidine deaminase activity.
  • APOBEC3G induces C/G to T/A mutations in viral genomes, including HIV-1 and HBV.
  • The role of APOBEC3G in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, affecting over 170 million people globally, is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate APOBEC3G expression levels in patients with chronic HCV infection.
  • To explore the impact of HCV components and interferon on APOBEC3G expression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of APOBEC3G expression in hepatocytes and lymphocytes of chronic HCV patients.
  • Transfection of HCV non-structural protein genes (including NS5A) into a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
  • Incubation of cells with interferon.

Main Results:

  • APOBEC3G expression was significantly increased in both hepatocytes and lymphocytes of chronic HCV patients.
  • Transfection with the HCV NS5A gene, but not other tested non-structural genes, enhanced APOBEC3G expression in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
  • Interferon treatment also led to increased APOBEC3G expression.

Conclusions:

  • APOBEC3G expression is upregulated in chronic HCV infection.
  • HCV NS5A and interferon may play roles in modulating APOBEC3G expression.
  • These findings may offer new perspectives on the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection.

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