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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
[Sequelae after illegal injection of liquid silicone for breast augmentation: report of two cases]
María Cervera1, Fernando Martínez-Regueira, Josu Sola
1Area de Patología Mamaria, Departamento de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España. mcervdel@yahoo.es
Abstract:
The use of liquid silicone for breast augmentation was widespread in the 1960s but was abandoned at the end of the decade due to numerous studies describing the development of a large number of local complications, as well as remote migration of small amounts of silicone. The use of liquid silicone also leads to enormous difficulty in the early diagnosis of breast cancer; these patients are precluded from routine screening programs and must undergo exhaustive periodic examinations. Magnetic resonance imaging has become the most effective test for the early detection of breast cancer in these patients. Indications for subcutaneous mastectomy are the presence of local complications, suspicion of a malignant lesion, or the patient's desire to prevent both these potential problems.