Metastasis of prostatic adenocarcinoma to the sphenoid sinus

The presentation, diagnosis, and management of prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to the sphenoid sinus are reviewed. We present a case report with a review of the literature. A 67-year-old man with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma presented with gradual left visual loss. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion of the left orbital apex with extension into the ipsilateral sphenoid sinus. Operative biopsy of the lesion was significant for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. When an otolaryngologist encounters a mass in the sphenoid sinus, he or she needs to consider a diverse differential diagnosis. In evaluating possible causes, a history of malignancies should be elicited. Furthermore, the pathophysiology and potential routes of metastatic disease should be assessed for these primary neoplasms. Having a high level of suspicion for metastatic disease from specific primary sites will help guide the pathological evaluation. As in this clinical scenario of a patient with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma, appropriate analysis would entail sending specimens for immunohistochemical staining, such as prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific acid phosphatase. Correct diagnosis is crucial, as these patients may achieve remission and prolonged survival with irradiation and/or hormonal therapy.