Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2026
09:37
Permanent Ligation of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery in Mice: A Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Remodelling and Heart Failure
Published on: December 2, 2014
[Non-compact left ventricular myocardium: current state of the problem]
Kardiologiia
|October 19, 2006
Summary
Left ventricular non-compaction, a rare congenital heart defect, involves abnormal heart muscle development. Diagnosis and symptom management are key for this unclassified cardiomyopathy.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Cardiomyopathy
Background:
- Non-compaction of the left ventricle (NLVC), also known as spongy myocardium, is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy.
- It is characterized by impaired endomyocardial morphogenesis, resulting in a thickened left ventricular wall with prominent trabeculation and deep inter-trabecular recesses.
- The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies NLVC as an unclassified cardiomyopathy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the key characteristics, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, and treatment focuses for non-compaction of the left ventricle.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis primarily relies on echocardiography.
- Echocardiographic findings include a double-layered left ventricular wall structure.
- Identification of multiple prominent trabeculations and wide inter-trabecular spaces is crucial.
Main Results:
- Common clinical manifestations include heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and embolism (systemic and pulmonary).
- Pathological changes predominantly affect the cardiac apex, inferior, and lateral left ventricular walls.
- Echocardiography reveals characteristic features of myocardial thickening and deep recesses.
Conclusions:
- Non-compaction of the left ventricle presents with significant clinical symptoms requiring targeted management.
- Treatment strategies focus on alleviating the primary clinical signs such as heart failure and arrhythmias.
- Early diagnosis through echocardiography aids in understanding the extent and localization of the condition.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Imbalances in Cardiac Output
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
01:25Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
01:29Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
01:22Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...