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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Infants' memory for musical performances.

Anna Volkova¹, Sandra E Trehub, E Glenn Schellenberg

¹Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Canada.

Developmental Science

|October 25, 2006

Summary

Infants prefer lower-pitched lullabies and remember musical details after exposure. This study explores infant musical memory and pitch preferences, influenced by experience and song characteristics.

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Music Cognition
Infant Auditory Perception

Background:

Infants demonstrate early sensitivity to musical features like pitch.
Understanding infant musical memory and preference formation is crucial for developmental research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate 6- and 7-month-old infants' preference and memory for sung lullabies.
To examine how pitch and prior exposure influence infant musical perception.

Main Methods:

Experiment 1: Assessed infant preference for low- vs. high-pitched lullabies.
Experiment 2: Exposed infants to a lullaby at one pitch, then tested memory with novel and original pitches.

Main Results:

Both age groups initially preferred lower-pitched lullabies.

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Seven-month-olds showed novelty preference after exposure, indicating memory.

Six-month-olds' initial low-pitch preference diminished post-exposure.

Conclusions:

Infant memory for music is enhanced by ecologically valid stimuli.
Prior musical exposure and music's inherent qualities shape infant pitch preferences.