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Diet and hypertension in Tanzania
J P Mtabaji1, Y Nara, Y Moriguchi
1Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Hypertension is a growing problem in Tanzania, particularly in urban areas. Dietary changes, focusing on reducing salt and increasing potassium intake, may help manage hypertension rates.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Public Health in Tanzania
Background:
- Hypertension prevalence is increasing in Tanzania.
- Dietary factors are suspected contributors to hypertension.
- Urban and rural populations exhibit different lifestyle patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between diet and hypertension in Tanzanian populations.
- To compare dietary habits and hypertension rates in urban vs. rural settings.
- To identify specific dietary components associated with hypertension.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a survey in urban Dar es Salaam and rural Handeni/Monduli.
- Measured blood pressure (BP) using an automatic BP-measuring machine.
- Assessed dietary intake via biological markers in 24-h urine and blood samples.
Main Results:
- Hypertension is more prevalent in the capital city (Dar es Salaam).
- Higher rates of obesity and salt intake were observed in the urban population.
- Lower intake of potassium, protein, and polyunsaturated fatty acids was noted in urban residents.
Conclusions:
- Dietary habits significantly correlate with hypertension in Tanzania.
- Reducing salt intake and increasing intake of potassium, protein, and polyunsaturated fatty acids may mitigate hypertension.
- Targeted dietary interventions are recommended to address the hypertension burden.