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Related Experiment Videos

Minimizing dentinal fluid flow associated with gap formation.

D N Ratih1, J E A Palamara, H H Messer

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Science, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

Journal of Dental Research
|October 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Low-shrinkage composites and glass-ionomer cement (GIC) liners effectively minimize fluid flow and gap formation in dental restorations. GIC liners promote outward fluid flow during setting, but overall, these methods reduce leakage in composite restorations.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Restorative Dentistry

Background:

  • Dental composite restorations can lead to marginal gap formation and subsequent fluid flow, potentially causing secondary caries and restoration failure.
  • Minimizing gap formation and controlling fluid flow are critical for the longevity and success of indirect dental restorations.
  • Glass-ionomer cement (GIC) liners and low-shrinkage composites are proposed strategies to address these issues in MOD restorations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between gap formation and outward fluid flow in human premolars with MOD composite restorations.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) liners and low-shrinkage composites in minimizing fluid flow and gap formation.
  • To compare the effects of conventional versus light-cured GIC liners on fluid flow dynamics.

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Main Methods:

  • Extracted human premolars were restored in vitro with MOD composite restorations using different materials and techniques.
  • Groups included high-shrinkage composite, low-shrinkage composite, conventional GIC liner plus composite, and light-cured GIC liner plus composite (8 teeth/group).
  • Fluid flow (inward and outward) was quantified using an automated apparatus before and after restoration procedures.

Main Results:

  • Baseline fluid flow was low and remained unchanged after bonding procedures.
  • GIC liners, particularly conventional GIC, significantly increased outward fluid flow during their setting reactions.
  • Low-shrinkage composite restorations and GIC liners demonstrated a reduction in gap formation and limited outward fluid flow post-curing.
  • Inward fluid flow was observed during light-curing, followed by prolonged outward flow.

Conclusions:

  • Low-shrinkage composite materials and the use of GIC liners can effectively reduce marginal gap formation and limit outward fluid flow in MOD composite restorations.
  • While GIC liners promote outward fluid flow during their setting, they contribute to improved marginal integrity overall.
  • The choice of restorative material and liner significantly influences fluid dynamics and gap formation, impacting the clinical performance of dental restorations.