Changes in grape phylloxera abundance in ungrafted vineyards

Area of Science:

• Entomology
• Viticulture
• Pest Management

Background:

• Grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) is a significant pest of vineyards worldwide.
• Understanding seasonal population dynamics is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine seasonal changes in grape phylloxera abundance using various sampling methods.
• To correlate phylloxera emergence with environmental factors and vine health.

Main Methods:

• Comparison of root assessment, trunk trapping, and soil emergence trapping.
• Monitoring phylloxera numbers across multiple sites and seasons in southeastern Australia.
• Correlation analysis with degree-days and vine deterioration.

Main Results:

• Soil emergence trapping was the most effective method for quantifying grape phylloxera.
• Phylloxera numbers decreased with vine deterioration, showing a single summer emergence peak.
• Emergence peak timing and size varied by site and vine block, correlating with degree-days.

Conclusions:

• Soil emergence trapping is a reliable method for monitoring grape phylloxera populations.
• Soil temperature monitoring can inform timing for control strategies and risk assessment of spread.
• Seasonal monitoring is key to managing grape phylloxera impact on vineyards.