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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Approaches in modelling long-term survival: an application to breast cancer
Aris Perperoglou1, Antonis Keramopoullos, Hans C van Houwelingen
1Leiden University Medical Center, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9604, 2300 RC, The Netherlands. a.perperoglou@lumc.nl
Abstract:
Several modelling techniques have been proposed for non-proportional hazards. In this work we consider different models which can be classified into three wide categories: models with time-varying effects of the covariates; frailty models and cure rate models. We present those different extensions of the proportional hazards model on an application of 2433 breast cancer patients with a long follow-up. We comment on the differences and similarities among the models and evaluate their performance using survival and hazard plots, Brier scores and pseudo-observations.
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