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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment

Published on: April 22, 2019

[Immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma].

Luc Bron¹, Pedro Romero

¹Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne. Luc.bron@chuv.ch

Revue Medicale Suisse

|November 2, 2006

Summary

Immunotherapy shows promise for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are potential targets for future HNSCC immunotherapy vaccines.

Area of Science:

Oncology and Immunology
Cancer Research

Context:

Prognosis for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains poor despite treatment advances.
Immunotherapy has emerged as a successful adjunctive treatment for various cancers by harnessing antitumoral immunity.

Purpose:

To review recent advancements in immunotherapy for HNSCC.
To explore the potential of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), particularly cancer testis antigens (CTAs), as targets for HNSCC immunotherapy.

Summary:

Recent research in HNSCC immunotherapy is reviewed, highlighting its potential role in treatment.
Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) can stimulate T-cell-mediated immune responses against cancer.
Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are identified as promising candidates for targeted immunotherapy in HNSCC.

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Impact:

Immunotherapy may significantly improve head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treatment outcomes.
Further clinical trials are needed to validate the efficacy of CTA-based vaccines in HNSCC patients.