Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Substrate recognition and cleavage-site preferences of Lon protease.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

Hydrogels: An overview of its classifications, properties, and applications.

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials·2023
Same author

Simultaneous production of high-value lipids in Schizochytrium sp. by synergism of chemical modulators.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology·2023
Same author

Graded impact of obstacle size on scanning by RNase E.

Nucleic acids research·2023
Same author

Human leukocyte antigens class I and class II alleles associated with vertical human immunodeficiency virus transmission - an exploratory study from Mumbai, India.

Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology·2022
Same author

PABLO-QA: A sensitive assay for quantifying monophosphorylated RNA 5' ends.

STAR protocols·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains
12:21

Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains

Published on: December 13, 2014

tmRNA determinants required for facilitating nonstop mRNA decay.

Preeti Mehta1, Jamie Richards, A Wali Karzai

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)
|November 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

The tmRNA protein in bacteria has a third function: it helps degrade defective nonstop messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Specific sequences in the tmRNA

Area of Science:

  • Bacterial molecular biology
  • RNA biology
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • Bacteria utilize tmRNA (transfer-messenger RNA) for trans-translation to rescue stalled ribosomes.
  • Trans-translation involves tmRNA's tRNA-like function (protein fragment transfer) and mRNA-like function (resuming/terminating translation).
  • The role of tmRNA in defective mRNA degradation remained largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a potential third function of tmRNA in degrading nonstop mRNAs.
  • To identify specific sequence elements within tmRNA responsible for defective mRNA degradation.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which tmRNA facilitates nonstop mRNA decay.

Main Methods:

  • Site-directed mutagenesis of tmRNA open reading frame sequence elements.

More Related Videos

Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs
10:37

Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs

Published on: May 10, 2018

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
07:03

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 2, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains
12:21

Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains

Published on: December 13, 2014

Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs
10:37

Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs

Published on: May 10, 2018

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
07:03

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 2, 2018

  • Analysis of nonstop mRNA degradation rates in response to tmRNA mutations.
  • Assessment of tmRNA's tRNA and mRNA functions following mutations.

    • Main Results:

    • tmRNA directly facilitates the degradation of nonstop mRNAs.
    • Key sequence determinants in the distal region of the tmRNA open reading frame (encoding the last three amino acids of the tag) are crucial for nonstop mRNA decay.
    • Mutations altering the nucleotide sequence but not the encoded amino acids in this region impaired mRNA degradation, indicating a sequence-specific mechanism.

    Conclusions:

    • tmRNA possesses a novel function in promoting the decay of defective nonstop mRNAs.
    • Specific sequence elements within the tmRNA peptide tag-encoding region are essential for this mRNA degradation activity.
    • These findings reveal a new layer of post-transcriptional regulation in bacteria mediated by tmRNA.