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Updated: Jul 19, 2026
11:17
Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
Published on: August 24, 2012
Extinction learning, reconsolidation and the internal reinforcement hypothesis
Dorothea Eisenhardt1, Randolf Menzel
1Neurobiology, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
|November 3, 2006
Summary
Memory retrieval triggers opposing extinction and reminder learning processes. Reminder learning strengthens memories, causing spontaneous recovery, while extinction weakens them. Both processes are initiated by retrieval trials.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Animal Behavior
- Learning and Memory
Background:
- Memory retrieval can initiate opposing processes: extinction learning (weakening) and memory strengthening (reconsolidation).
- The underlying mechanisms of these opposing memory processes are still debated.
- Behavioral evidence for extinction and reconsolidation is well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanisms of opposing learning processes initiated by memory retrieval.
- To explore the roles of extinction learning and reminder learning in memory modification.
- To examine the phenomenon of spontaneous recovery from extinction and its inhibition.
Main Methods:
- Experiments involving memory retrieval, extinction, and reconsolidation in honeybees.
- Analysis of behavioral outcomes following retrieval trials.
- Assessment of the effects of protein synthesis inhibition on memory processes.
Main Results:
- Memory retrieval trials initiate two distinct learning processes: extinction learning and reminder learning.
- Reminder learning leads to memory strengthening and spontaneous recovery from extinction.
- Protein synthesis inhibition can block the spontaneous recovery associated with reminder learning.
Conclusions:
- Two opposing learning processes, extinction and reminder learning, are initiated by memory retrieval.
- Reminder learning contributes to memory strengthening and spontaneous recovery, a process sensitive to protein synthesis.
- These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of memory modification and reconsolidation.
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