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The intrauterine device: rethinking old paradigms
1University of Utah College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt lake City, UT 84112, USA. Katie.morgan@nurs.utah.edu <Katie.morgan@nurs.utah.edu>
Journal of Midwifery & Women'S Health
|November 4, 2006
Summary
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are safe and effective contraception. New research shows IUDs do not increase infection or infertility risks, challenging outdated beliefs about this important birth control method.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Contraception
- Public Health
Background:
- The United States faces high rates of unintended pregnancy and abortion.
- Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are safe, highly effective contraceptives with noncontraceptive benefits.
- Underutilization of IUDs stems from outdated, biased information regarding their risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the current risks associated with Intrauterine Devices (IUDs).
- To address outdated information and biases concerning IUD safety and efficacy.
- To inform clinical recommendations regarding IUD accessibility.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent research on IUDs and associated health outcomes.
- Analysis of data concerning pelvic infections, infertility, and ectopic pregnancies in IUD users.
- Assessment of IUDs' risk profile in relation to current medical understanding.
Main Results:
- IUD use does not elevate the risk of pelvic infections.
- IUD use is not linked to subsequent infertility.
- IUD use decreases the absolute risk of ectopic pregnancies.
Conclusions:
- IUDs are a safe contraceptive option for women at low risk for sexually transmitted infections.
- Denial of IUDs based on parity or marital status is not supported by current evidence.
- Expanded access to IUDs is recommended based on updated safety data.
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