Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

beta2-Agonists at the Olympic Games.

Kenneth D Fitch1

  • 1School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA, Australia. kfitch@cyllene.uwa.edu.au

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|November 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Blood doping at the Olympic Games.

The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness·2017
Same author

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction: celebrating 50 years.

Immunology and allergy clinics of North America·2013
Same author

Therapeutic use exemptions (TUEs) at the Olympic Games 1992-2012.

British journal of sports medicine·2013
Same author

Respiratory health of elite athletes - preventing airway injury: a critical review.

British journal of sports medicine·2012
Same author

An overview of asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness in Olympic athletes.

British journal of sports medicine·2012
Same author

Pharmacotherapy for exercise-induced asthma: allowing normal levels of activity and sport.

Expert review of clinical pharmacology·2011
Same journal

Therapeutic Targeting of the Bradykinin B2 Receptor in Immunological and Vascular Diseases: Insights from Kinin Biology to Clinical Outcomes.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology·2026
Same journal

β-blocker Therapy in Cholinergic Urticaria, Adrenergic Urticaria and the Aquagenic Continuum Beta-Blocker Therapy in Chronic Inducible Urticaria.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology·2026
Same journal

Immunopathogenesis and Cytokine Pathways in Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption (RIME) in Pediatric Population: Infectious Triggers and Molecular Insights.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology·2026
Same journal

Neuropsychological Factors in Vitiligo: Mechanisms and Clinical Application.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology·2026
Same journal

Tertiary Lymphoid Structure: A Potential Therapeutic Target Affecting Immune Response in Autoimmune Diseases.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology·2026
Same journal

Differentiating Acute-onset Autoimmune Hepatitis From Drug-Induced Autoimmune-like Hepatitis: A Multicenter Study and Score Development.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology·2026
See all related articles

Athletes using inhaled beta2-agonists must have a diagnosis of asthma or exercise-induced asthma (EIA). Excessive use of inhaled beta2-agonists can lead to doping violations, necessitating medical evidence for prescriptions.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Review of International Olympic Committee (IOC) policies on beta2-agonists.
  • Concerns regarding potential anabolic effects of oral beta2-agonists.
  • Increased use of inhaled beta2-agonists by elite athletes prompted rule changes.

Observation:

  • Since 2001, IOC criteria require athletes to have asthma or exercise-induced asthma (EIA).
  • Prevalence of beta2-agonist use correlates with national asthma rates, highest in endurance athletes.
  • Atypical age-of-onset for asthma/EIA in elite winter athletes (48.7% onset ≥20 years).

Findings:

  • Intense endurance training may contribute to bronchial hyperreactivity.
  • Distinguishing between prohibited oral and permitted inhaled salbutamol is possible.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Excessive inhaled salbutamol use can yield urinary concentrations similar to oral administration.

    • Implications:

    • Athletes require documented evidence of asthma or EIA to use inhaled beta2-agonists.
    • Clear guidelines are needed to prevent inadvertent doping violations.
    • Further research into the link between endurance training and asthma is warranted.