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Tissue engineered heart valves based on human cells.

Dörthe Schmidt1, Simon P Hoerstrup

  • 1Division of Regenerative Medicine (Tissue Engineering and Cell Transplantation), Department of Surgical Research, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. doerthe.schmidt@usz.ch

Swiss Medical Weekly
|November 7, 2006
PubMed
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Tissue engineering offers a promising alternative to current heart valve replacements. This review explores various human cell sources for creating living, autologous valve tissue, focusing on extracellular matrix production for improved cardiovascular replacements.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Valvular heart disease poses a significant global health burden, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality.
  • Current mechanical and biological valve replacements have inherent disadvantages.
  • Tissue engineering seeks to develop living, autologous cardiovascular replacements that can grow and repair, especially for pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various human cell sources for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
  • To evaluate cell phenotypes and their suitability for extracellular matrix production.
  • To advance the development of neo-heart valve tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Harvesting autologous cells from sources including vessels, bone marrow, umbilical cord, and chorionic villi.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Seeding cells onto three-dimensional matrices.
  • Employing biomimetic in vitro conditioning for tissue development.

    • Main Results:

    • Identification of suitable cell phenotypes for extracellular matrix production.
    • Assessment of different cell sources for their potential in tissue engineering.
    • Demonstration of neo-heart valve tissue development through in vitro conditioning.

    Conclusions:

    • Autologous cell sources show potential for creating living cardiovascular replacements.
    • Optimizing cell selection and in vitro conditioning is crucial for successful tissue engineering.
    • This approach holds promise for overcoming limitations of current valve replacement therapies.