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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...

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Related Experiment Video

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Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters
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Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters

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Analysing the robustness of cellular rhythms.

J Wolf1, S Becker-Weimann, R Heinrich

  • 1Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Germany. jana.x.wolf@gsk.com

Systems Biology
|November 10, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Cellular rhythms exhibit varying robustness to environmental changes. Negative feedback and longer reaction chains enhance oscillator robustness, crucial for biological timing and signaling.

Area of Science:

  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Biochemical Oscillations

Background:

  • Autonomous cellular oscillations are vital for biological timing and signaling.
  • The robustness of these biological rhythms to environmental factors varies significantly.
  • Understanding the design principles governing oscillator robustness is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare the sensitivity of oscillatory periods in calcium signaling, glycolysis, and circadian systems.
  • To investigate the impact of underlying oscillatory mechanisms and design principles on robustness.
  • To compare the robustness of systems with positive versus negative feedback regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Sensitivity analysis of oscillatory periods with respect to parameter variations in mathematical models.

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Alignment of Synchronized Time-Series Data Using the Characterizing Loss of Cell Cycle Synchrony Model for Cross-Experiment Comparisons

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  • Comparison of robustness properties across different biological oscillators (calcium, glycolysis, circadian).
  • Direct comparison of feedback regulation mechanisms (positive vs. negative) and reaction chain lengths.

    • Main Results:

    • Oscillatory mechanism, not model specifics, dictates sensitivity: calcium oscillations are highly sensitive, glycolytic intermediate, and circadian robust.
    • Negative feedback systems demonstrate greater robustness than positive feedback systems.
    • Increased reaction chain length under regulation correlates with decreased sensitivity (increased robustness).

    Conclusions:

    • The inherent oscillatory mechanism is a primary determinant of a biological rhythm's robustness.
    • Negative feedback loops and longer regulatory chains are key design principles for robust cellular oscillators.
    • Findings provide insights into the temperature dependency of biological rhythms and cellular timing.