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Assessment of lung development using hyperpolarized helium-3 diffusion MR imaging.

Talissa A Altes1, Jaime Mata, Eduard E de Lange

  • 1Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. Altes@email.CHOP.edu

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|November 11, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Hyperpolarized helium-3 (HHe) diffusion MRI can detect alveolar enlargement in children. This noninvasive imaging method may assess lung microstructure development during childhood growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Radiology

Background:

  • Lung growth during childhood involves alveolar enlargement.
  • Assessing microstructural changes in the developing lung noninvasively is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if hyperpolarized helium-3 (HHe) diffusion MRI can detect alveolar size increases in children.
  • To establish HHe diffusion MRI as a tool for assessing lung development.

Main Methods:

  • 29 healthy subjects aged 4–30 years underwent HHe diffusion MRI.
  • Two b-value pairs (0, 1.6 s/cm² and 0, 4 s/cm²) were used to measure apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and lung volume.
  • Repeatability and b-value dependence were assessed.

Main Results:

  • HHe diffusion MRI was feasible in children as young as four.
  • Mean ADC significantly increased with age (r=0.8), showing a 55% rise from youngest to oldest subjects.
  • Lung volume measurements were highly repeatable, and ADC values were correlated between b-value pairs.

Conclusions:

  • HHe diffusion MRI successfully detects age-related alveolar enlargement in children.
  • HHe diffusion MRI shows promise as a noninvasive method for evaluating lung microstructure development.