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Antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from dairy cattle.

Ashish A Sawant1, Narasimha V Hegde, Beth A Straley

  • 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|November 14, 2006
PubMed
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Antimicrobial resistance is common in enteric bacteria from dairy cows. Escherichia coli, particularly, carries resistance genes like tet(B) on its chromosome, suggesting cattle may harbor diverse resistance determinants.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology
  • Bacterial Genetics

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in food-producing animals is a growing public health concern.
  • Gram-negative enteric bacteria in cattle can harbor and spread AMR genes.
  • Understanding AMR in healthy lactating dairy cattle is crucial for One Health approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative enteric bacteria in healthy lactating dairy cattle.
  • To identify specific bacterial species and resistance determinants involved.
  • To assess the potential of these bacteria as reservoirs for AMR.

Main Methods:

  • Fecal samples from 213 lactating dairy cattle across 23 farms were analyzed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Isolation and identification of gram-negative enteric bacteria, with a focus on Escherichia coli.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (MICs) and detection of resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B)).
  • Molecular typing using DNA-DNA hybridization and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

    • Main Results:

    • High prevalence of resistance to tetracycline (93%), florfenicol (78%), ampicillin (48%), and chloramphenicol (20%) in E. coli isolates.
    • The tet(B) gene was the predominant tetracycline resistance determinant, located on the chromosome.
    • Multidrug resistance (≥3 to 6 antimicrobials) was observed in 40% of E. coli isolates.
    • PFGE revealed high diversity (60 subtypes) among tetracycline-resistant E. coli, largely confined to individual herds.

    Conclusions:

    • Commensal enteric E. coli in healthy lactating cattle serve as a significant reservoir for antimicrobial resistance determinants, notably tetracycline resistance.
    • The genetic location on the chromosome and high diversity of resistant E. coli suggest potential for widespread dissemination.
    • Findings highlight the importance of monitoring AMR in livestock for public health surveillance.