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Updated: Jul 18, 2026
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Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
Published on: November 9, 2016
Cricopharyngeal Botox injection: indications and technique.
1Institute of Phoniatrics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands. mieke.moerman@tiscali.be
Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|November 14, 2006
Summary
Botulinum toxin injections effectively treat oropharyngeal dysphagia by targeting cricopharyngeal muscle hypertonicity. This minimally invasive procedure offers a low-risk, cost-effective alternative to surgery with an offset of at least four months.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Gastroenterology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Botulinum toxin injections are widely used for oropharyngeal dysphagia.
- Lack of standardized guidelines necessitates evidence-based recommendations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on botulinum toxin for oropharyngeal dysphagia.
- To provide recommendations for its clinical application.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of molecular and pharmacological research.
- Analysis of recent dose-ranging studies and comparative trials.
Main Results:
- Botulinum toxin type A is recommended for cricopharyngeal muscle hypertonicity.
- Onset of action is around day 7, with an offset of at least 4 months.
- Successful outcomes depend on precise injection technique and adequate dosage.
Conclusions:
- Botulinum toxin A injection is a safe and effective treatment for oropharyngeal dysphagia.
- It presents a lower risk, cost, and better effectiveness compared to surgical myotomy.
- Alternative botulinum toxin types should be reserved for cases of BoNT/A resistance.
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