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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

A Method of Targeted Cell Isolation via Glass Surface Functionalization

A Method of Targeted Cell Isolation via Glass Surface Functionalization

Published on: September 20, 2016

Controlling binding site densities on glass surfaces.

Joshua R Wayment¹, Joel M Harris

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, USA.

Analytical Chemistry

|November 16, 2006

Summary

Controlling surface binding site density is key for sensors and assays. This study demonstrates precise control of amine group density on surfaces using diluted silane mixtures, enabling tailored ligand immobilization.

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Area of Science:

Surface chemistry
Materials science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Surface-immobilized ligand density is critical for sensor and assay development.
Precise control over binding site density is needed for advanced applications like single-molecule detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To control the density of reactive ligands on surfaces by diluting surface amine groups.
To achieve quantitative control over binding site density in self-assembled monolayers.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of self-assembled monolayers on glass using varying concentrations of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and (2-cyanoethyl)triethoxysilane.
Labeling surface amine sites with fluorescent molecules for density determination via fluorescence microscopy.
Immobilizing biotin ligands and reacting them with streptavidin or neutravidin for site coverage analysis.

Main Results:

Surface amine site density was controlled and proportional to APTES concentration, with micrometer spacings.
Quantitative control and chemical conversion of binding sites were achieved at very low fractions (<10(-7)) of a monolayer.
Consistent amine and biotin site coverages were observed, validating the method's reliability.

Conclusions:

The developed method allows for precise, quantitative control over surface binding site density.
This technique is valuable for developing advanced sensors, assays, and single-molecule detection platforms.
The ability to tune ligand density opens possibilities for optimizing surface-based analytical devices.