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Four ways we approach ethics.

Brian O'Toole¹

¹Sisters of Mercy Health System, 14528 S. Outer Forty, Suite 100, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA. botoole@corp.mercy.net

Journal of Dental Education

|November 16, 2006

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Most people unconsciously use one of four ethical decision-making approaches. Conflicts arise when parties use different approaches, but resolution is possible by recognizing and negotiating within the same moral framework.

Area of Science:

Ethics
Moral Psychology
Decision Science

Background:

Individuals employ diverse, often unconscious, ethical decision-making strategies.
Ethical conflicts frequently stem from differing moral frameworks between parties.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify common ethical decision-making approaches.
To explore the origins of conflict in ethical negotiations.
To propose a method for resolving ethical disagreements.

Main Methods:

Analysis of common ethical decision-making frameworks.
Examination of conflict dynamics in ethical negotiations.

Main Results:

Four primary ethical approaches identified: principle, consequences, virtue/character, and moral sentiment.

Related Experiment Videos

Disagreements escalate when parties utilize disparate moral frameworks.

Persuasion is most effective when arguments align with an individual's existing moral approach.

Conclusions:

Recognizing differing moral approaches is key to de-escalating conflict.
Negotiating within a shared moral framework facilitates easier resolution of ethical disputes.