Candida species adhesion to oral epithelium: factors involved and experimental methodology used

Due to the increasing prevalence and emergence of Non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) species, especially in immunosupressed patients, it is becoming urgent to deepen the current knowledge about virulence factors of these species. Adhesion of cells to epithelium is considered one of the major virulence factors of Candida species. However, relatively little is known concerning the adhesion mechanisms of NCAC species to epithelium, as well as about the factors affecting the adhesion process. This review focuses both the mechanisms that regulate the adhesion interactions and the factors involved and the description of the experimental methodology that has been used to perform the adhesion assays.