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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

An In-House-Built and Light-Emitting-Diode-Based Photodynamic Therapy Device for Enhancing Verteporfin Cytotoxicity in a 2D Cell Culture Model
Published on: January 13, 2023
Introduction to photodynamic therapy: early experience
1Gold Skin Care Center, Tennessee Clinical Research Center, 200 Richard Jones Road, Suite 200, Nashville, TN 37215, USA. goldskin@goldskincare.com
Abstract:
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become one of the newest and most exciting therapies being used by dermatologic surgeons from all around the world. The earliest uses of PDT can be traced to the early 1900s. This article traces the history of PDT through the discovery of the first topical photosensitizer by Kennedy and his colleagues in 1990 to its uses today in everyday dermatology practices. The two commercially available photosensitizers are reviewed and their primary uses are summarized. PDT is a useful modality that is finding new and exciting niches in today's dermatologic world.
