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Related Experiment Videos

Macrophage response to methacrylate conversion using a gradient approach.

Nancy J Lin1, LeeAnn O Bailey, Matthew L Becker

  • 1Biomaterials Group, Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Mail Stop 8543, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. nancy.lin@nist.gov

Acta Biomaterialia
|December 5, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Incomplete polymerization in dental materials can impact cell response. This study developed a method to screen cell reactions to varying methacrylate conversion levels, recommending over 50% conversion for BisGMA/TEGDMA polymers.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Incomplete conversion in photopolymerized methacrylate-based polymers is a significant challenge.
  • This affects polymer network properties and the release of leachable substances.
  • Efficient methods are needed to screen cellular responses to these materials and their conversion levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in vitro screening methodology for assessing cell responses directly on cross-linked polymer networks.
  • To investigate the impact of varying methacrylate double bond conversion on cell viability and apoptosis.
  • To establish optimal conversion thresholds for BisGMA/TEGDMA dental polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Prepared polymer substrates (BisGMA/TEGDMA) with a conversion gradient (43.0%–61.2%).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed surface roughness and hydrophilicity after 7 days of aging.
  • Detected leachables using UV absorption and evaluated cytotoxicity.
  • Cultured RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells on aged substrates to assess viability (calcein/ethidium) and apoptosis (annexin-V).
  • Measured gene expression of TNF-α and IL-1β via qRT-PCR.

    • Main Results:

    • Surface roughness and hydrophilicity showed no significant changes with conversion after 7 days.
    • Leachables were detected for 7 days, but global cytotoxicity was insignificant after 5 days.
    • Conversions of 45% and 50% significantly decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis.
    • No significant changes in TNF-α and IL-1β gene expression were observed with increasing conversion.

    Conclusions:

    • Conversions exceeding 50% are recommended for equimolar BisGMA/TEGDMA polymers to ensure adequate cell response.
    • The developed methodology serves as an effective biological screening platform for optimizing dental polymers.
    • This approach aids in understanding the relationship between polymer conversion and cellular behavior.