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Pluripotent stem cells from germ cells.

Candace L Kerr1, Michael J Shamblott, John D Gearhart

  • 1Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Methods in Enzymology
|December 5, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Stem cells derived from germ cells, including embryonic germ cells (EGCs), embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs), and germ line stem cells (GSCs), exhibit pluripotency across species. This chapter details their derivation and maintenance protocols.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Germ line stem cells (GSCs) offer a unique avenue for regenerative medicine and developmental studies.
  • Three primary sources of germ line-derived stem cells exist: embryonic germ cells (EGCs), embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs), and GSCs.
  • These cells are derived from primordial germ cells, testicular tumors, and spermatogonial stem cells, respectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of germ line-derived stem cells.
  • To compare the derivation and characteristics of germ line stem cells with embryonic stem cells (ESCs).
  • To present detailed protocols for deriving and maintaining human and mouse EGCs from primordial germ cells (PGCs).

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of EGCs from PGCs during specific developmental stages.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Culture and maintenance of ECCs from adult testicular tumors.
  • Isolation and culture of GSCs from neonatal and adult mouse testes.
  • Assessment of pluripotency through in vitro and in vivo differentiation assays.
  • Generation of chimeric animals for germ line transmission studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated pluripotency of EGCs, ECCs, and GSCs, enabling differentiation into derivatives of all three germ layers.
    • Successful generation of germ line-derived stem cells from multiple species, including humans, mice, pigs, and chickens.
    • Germ line transmission confirmed in chimeric animal models.
    • Established protocols for EGC derivation and maintenance from human and mouse PGCs.

    Conclusions:

    • Germ line-derived stem cells represent a versatile and potent cell source for research and therapeutic applications.
    • The methodologies for deriving and maintaining these cells are broadly applicable across species with minor modifications.
    • Detailed protocols are crucial for advancing research in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.