Non-enzymatic aminoacylation of an RNA minihelix with an aminoacyl phosphate oligonucleotide

Efficient aminoacylation of an RNA minihelix (a proposed precursor of tRNA) was achieved without any ribozymes or protein enzymes. The reaction was promoted with a template-like bridging Oligonucleotide and a 5'-aminoacyl-phosphate-oligonucleotide. Aminoacylation was template-dependent and showed high preference for a particular ribose hydroxyl. The 5'-aminoacyl-phosphate-oligonucleotides have the same adenylate linkage as in aminoacyl-AMP--the universal intermediate used in modern aminoacylation systems with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Thus, the results raise the possibility that this kind of system could have played a role in the transition from the RNA world to the theatre of proteins.