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Accidental kerosene ingestion: a 3-year prospective study.

A A Dudin1, A Rambaud-Cousson, A Thalji

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Accidental kerosene ingestion in children frequently causes respiratory distress and other severe complications. Early aspiration, not vomiting, appears to be the primary cause of these serious respiratory issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Accidental kerosene ingestion is a significant cause of child morbidity and mortality in developing regions.
  • Kerosene remains a common household fuel for cooking, heating, and cleaning in many third-world countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical manifestations and outcomes of kerosene ingestion in children.
  • To identify risk factors and complications associated with accidental kerosene ingestion.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted involving 78 children aged 10 months to 5 years admitted to Makassed Hospital in Jerusalem.
  • Clinical data, including respiratory status, vomiting, chest X-rays, neurological signs, fever, and gastric dilatation, were collected and analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Respiratory distress occurred in 76.9% of children; 2 deaths were associated with mechanical ventilation.
  • Vomiting did not increase respiratory complication risk, suggesting initial aspiration.
  • Chest X-ray abnormalities were present in 60%, pleural effusions in 3 cases, and CNS manifestations in 27% (2 severe cases with convulsions died).
  • Severe gastric dilatation occurred in 4 severely ill children, with 2 deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Accidental kerosene ingestion poses a severe health risk to children, primarily due to respiratory complications likely from initial aspiration.
  • Prompt medical management is crucial for children with kerosene ingestion, as severe cases can lead to fatal outcomes.
  • Public health interventions aimed at preventing kerosene ingestion are essential in regions where it is commonly used.