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Related Experiment Videos

Does reducing withdrawal severity mediate nicotine patch efficacy? A randomized clinical trial.

Stuart G Ferguson1, Saul Shiffman, Chad J Gwaltney

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. sferguson@pinneyassociates.com

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|December 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) helps smokers quit by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms. However, these effects only partially explain NRT

Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a proven smoking cessation aid.
  • NRT is believed to work by reducing nicotine withdrawal and craving.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms by which NRT improves smoking treatment outcomes.
  • To determine if reduced craving and withdrawal mediate NRT's effect on relapse.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized controlled trial with 324 smokers.
  • Ecological momentary assessments using palm-top computers to collect real-time craving and withdrawal data.
  • High-dose (35 mg) 24-hr NRT patches versus placebo.

Main Results:

  • NRT significantly reduced craving and withdrawal severity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Increases in positive affect and decreases in negative affect were associated with reduced relapse risk.
  • Reduced craving and withdrawal only partially explained NRT's effect on time to first lapse.

    • Conclusions:

    • While NRT effectively reduces withdrawal and craving, other mechanisms likely contribute to its success in smoking cessation.
    • Further research is needed to identify additional pathways through which NRT aids smokers in quitting.