Using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability to Evaluate a Smoking Cessation Programme in Community Pharmacies

Tobacco smoking disproportionately affects people experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Improving access to effective smoking cessation programmes and medications is crucial to reducing this gap. Here, we report on a programme trialling the provision of free nicotine replacement therapy to priority populations through community pharmacies.

This study evaluates the engagement and acceptability of this approach using a multiphase mixed methods design. Two groups were involved in the programme: community pharmacists (n = 8) and people who smoke cigarettes (n = 55). At the conclusion of the programme, 7 pharmacists and 10 smokers completed semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data collected through interviews were analysed using a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive thematic analysis. An inductive reflexive thematic analysis was performed first, followed by a deductive thematic analysis to code the data into the seven constructs of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability.

Analyses revealed pharmacists and smokers were mostly positive about the pilot programme. Although the burden was perceived to be considerable by pharmacists, and the self-efficacy and opportunity costs appear to have limited the engagement of some smokers in the programme.

This evaluation provides insights into what works to support people from priority populations who want to quit smoking. It highlights that both engagement with and acceptability of smoking cessation support are influenced by practical considerations and the service setting. Furthermore, it highlights the important role that existing health destinations, such as community pharmacies, can play in the delivery of public health interventions.