Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides02:38

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain is more in the ring having a smaller number of...
Preparation of Epoxides03:00

Preparation of Epoxides

Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides02:24

Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides

Epoxides that are three-membered ring systems are more reactive than other cyclic and acyclic ethers. The high reactivity of epoxides originates from the strain present in the ring. This ring strain acts as a driving force for epoxides to undergo ring-opening reactions either with halogen acids or weak nucleophiles in the presence of mild acid. The acid catalyst converts the epoxide oxygen, a poor leaving group, into an oxonium ion, a better leaving group, making the reaction feasible. The...
Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Limonoid walrobsin A alleviates LPS-induced septic acute kidney injury through modulating inflammatory microenvironment by targeting G protein-coupled receptor 75.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2025
Same author

Molecular networking guided discovery of non-limonoids type ingredients from Citrus medica var. Sarcodactylis fruits.

Fitoterapia·2025
Same author

Rare prenyleudesmane diterpenoids with reversal of multidrug resistance activity from Dysoxylum densiflorum.

Bioorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Lindenane-Based Sesquiterpenoid Hetero-Oligomers with Diverse Skeletons and Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases Inhibitory Activity from <i>Sarcandra glabra</i>.

Journal of natural products·2025
Same author

Labdane and norlabdane diterpenoids from Amomum sericeum rhizomes and their potential anti-inflammatory activities.

Bioorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Diverse anti-inflammatory lindenane sesquiterpenoid hetero- or homo-dimers from Chloranthus holostegius var. shimianensis.

Bioorganic chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids
13:05

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids

Published on: June 28, 2019

Erythrocyte-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.

Houli Jiang1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA. houli.jiang@nymc.edu

Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators
|December 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Red blood cells (RBCs) store and release epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). These released EETs have vasodilatory and anti-hypertensive properties, impacting blood circulation and flow.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Red blood cells (RBCs) are recognized as reservoirs for cis- and trans-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs).
  • EETs possess vasodilatory properties and are considered potential endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors.
  • The anti-hypertensive, fibrinolytic, and anti-thrombotic effects of EETs highlight their circulatory significance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms and sources of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) release from red blood cells (RBCs).
  • To investigate the cellular components and processes involved in EET release from RBCs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of EET synthesis pathways within RBCs, including direct synthesis from arachidonic acid and phospholipid peroxidation.
  • Investigation of EET release mechanisms involving cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and secretory PLA2.

More Related Videos

Cellular Lipid Extraction for Targeted Stable Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis
09:26

Cellular Lipid Extraction for Targeted Stable Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: November 17, 2011

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea
07:36

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Published on: December 23, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids
13:05

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids

Published on: June 28, 2019

Cellular Lipid Extraction for Targeted Stable Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis
09:26

Cellular Lipid Extraction for Targeted Stable Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: November 17, 2011

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea
07:36

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Published on: December 23, 2022

  • Exploration of the role of erythrocyte ATP, purinergic receptors, ATP-binding cassette transporters, and cytoskeleton rearrangement in EET release.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified multiple sources for EET release from RBCs, including synthesis and release from esterified phospholipids.
    • Demonstrated the involvement of various cellular components such as PLA2, ATP release, and cytoskeletal changes in mediating EET release.
    • Highlighted the potential for microcirculatory deformation to influence EET release dynamics.

    Conclusions:

    • Red blood cells actively participate in the regulation of circulating EET levels.
    • The release of EETs from RBCs is a complex process involving multiple signaling pathways and cellular components.
    • RBC-derived EETs play a crucial role in cardiovascular homeostasis, influencing blood pressure, blood fluidity, and thrombosis.