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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Developmental relations between working memory and inhibitory control.

Caroline Roncadin1, Juan Pascual-Leone, Jill B Rich

  • 1Department of Psychology, Peel Children's Centre, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. croncadin@peelcc.org

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|December 15, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Working memory and inhibitory control develop throughout childhood and adolescence. Improvements stem from enhanced processing efficiency, especially when these cognitive functions compete in complex tasks.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) and inhibitory control (IC) are crucial cognitive functions supporting goal-directed behavior.
  • Understanding their developmental trajectories and interplay is essential for cognitive science.
  • Previous research suggests these functions mature throughout childhood and adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental relationship between WM and IC in children aged 6-17 years.
  • To examine how processing efficiency contributes to age-related improvements in WM and IC.
  • To differentiate performance metrics for WM alone versus combined WM and IC tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an experimental task paradigm with 96 typically developing children (ages 6-17).
  • Employed an efficiency metric combining speed and accuracy to assess cognitive performance.
  • Analyzed developmental changes in WM and IC, both independently and interactively.

Main Results:

  • WM's ability to activate and process information demonstrated significant, protracted age-related growth.
  • Performance on tasks requiring both WM and IC was distinct from tasks involving WM solely.
  • Developmental gains in WM were linked to enhanced efficiency in activation, suppression, and resource allocation.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental improvements in WM are driven by increased processing efficiency.
  • WM and IC are distinct yet interact, particularly in complex, novel situations demanding resource competition.
  • Future research should focus on these interactive dynamics in challenging cognitive environments.